While ordering
up a copy of Jonathan Demme’s film, Vanya of 42nd Street on Netflix, I was also referred to Michael Cacoyannis’ 1999 filming of Chekhov’s The Cherry Orchard, a play, inexplicably, I had never seen. It was time, I thought to myself, to fill in this missing link in my
never-ending education. Cacoyannis’ film, unlike the André Gregory-Wallace
Shawn production, also appeared to (and actually did) present a more
traditional version than had Vanya,
about which I had criticisms for that very fact.
During this same period in 2017, I was
correcting and indexing the pages for My Year 2011, and,
after seeing the second film and doing some research, discovered what I had
forgotten, that the director of this film and his more famous work, Zorba
the Greek, the Greek Cypriot artist had
died that same year, The Cherry Orchard
representing his last film. The Cherry Orchard, moreover, was very much about a house in which no one was any longer at
home, and soon would be destroyed, with no other place for its former denizens
to go. It seemed perfect, accordingly, to also include it in my 2011 volume of
my cultural memoirs, and, after cutting out another, less interesting piece, I
included it therein.
a place not really theirs
Michael Cacoyannis (script,
based on the play by Anton Chekhov, and director) The Cherry Orchard /
1999
Unlike the stage version of The Cherry Orchard, Michael Cacoyannis’ 1999 film version of the
great Chekhov play, begins in France, with Anya (Tushka Bergen), along with
their eccentric governess, Charlotte Ivanovna (the wonderfully comic Frances de
la Tour) have traveled to bring her mother, the beautiful Ranyevskaya
(Charlotte Rampling), home. In the small, grungy apartment in which they find
her, after having run away from her Russian home because of the drowning death
of her son, and having taken up with an unnamed lover, and recently attempting
suicide.
By beginning the work far away from their
provincial Russian home, Cacoyannis establishes from the very outset of this
tragi-comedy that at least the house’s owner has already abandoned it. And,
although the story will take a while unwind in describing the entire series of
events, it is clear from her own condition of near- poverty (having already had
to sell her villa), that despite her returning to the nest, so to speak, she,
her brother Gayev (Alan Bates), and the entire family have already lost their
estate.
One can almost sit back, accordingly, for
the rest of the film and watch the often comic and sad machinations of the
family and its servants that demonstrate in their downfall.
Bates plays Gayev as a kind of madman,
addicted to billiards the way, it is hinted, that Ranyevskaya is to—is it snuff
or cocaine? Or, perhaps the way Ivanovna’s dog is addicted to nuts.
Yet the true marvel of this film is that
the Ranyevskaya is not played, as she often is, as a kind of frail early
version of O’Neill’s Mary Tyrone, a woman with no head for money or facts, but
rather a woman who intentionally resists what she knows is the truth: the fact
that, as Lopahin (Owen Teale) reminds her again and again, she must sell the
lovely cherry orchard to create expensive subplots for the growing rich in
order to pay off the estate’s growing debts. Rampling portrays Ranyevskaya, rather, as a
woman who will not act precisely
because she believes that, having sinned so deeply, she and her slave-owning
family of the past, deserve their fates.
Certainly there are moments when, caught
up in her loving memories of life at the estate, of life beside a lake that
also contains of the largest cherry orchards in Russia, that she appears to be
living in a dream. Yet, we often catch a glint in her eyes of steely
determination, perceive a quiver about the lips of terror, making it quite
clear that the woman everyone else perceives as frail, has a heart, perhaps, of
rock. In Rampling’s deeply moving portrait, Ranyevskaya has already died, and
her only real role is to help her beloved, daughters, Anya and Varya (Katrin Cartlidge) her brother and her servants realize that they too will
soon be homeless, if not dead themselves. If only she could marry off her
daughters, perhaps they, at least, might be saved.
Perhaps for that very reason, Lopahin, in this film version, is not
portrayed as the utter villain he has been, as critics have pointed out, in
many stage productions. Here, despite his inability to comprehend the family’s adoration
of the house and land which surely represent their sacrificial pyre, he
attempts, again and again, to help and save them. Yet, the one thing that he
might do to redeem any of them, to marry Varya, he simply cannot accomplish.
Besides, he is already married—to his money and to his determination of rectify
his own past. For a moment, this far more gentle Lopahin, at least during the
estate auction, might, we can for a moment imagine, might be fighting for his
own gain, but on behalf of the family he has attempted to warn. Yet, in the
end, he is still a kind of monster, unable to even allow them a few more
moments of peace before the hack of axe put to the cherry trees can be heard in
the distance (here actually visualized).
The only one who truly might have escaped
is Anya, particularly after she meets up again the former family tutor, Trofimov
(Andrew Howard), who, as the eternal student attempts to educate her about what
the future will soon bring, a complete transformation of cultural order. And,
for moment, she seems to perceive the truth: that all the beauty about them,
the rambling house and its orchards, has never been “theirs” (the wealthy and
elite), but was created by the serfs. As she puts it, “the place has not really
been ‘theirs’ for a very long time.” But,
of course, Trofimov has no money, and can offer her no protection from what is
soon to occur, even if they survive: the complete destruction of their kind.
There are some problems with Cacoyannis’
telling. At times, in his attempt to let the story tell itself, the director’s
script is simply too oblique. It is hard, for example, to quite know what the
role of Yasha (Gerald Butler) is all about. How, precisely, as he somehow
attached himself to Ranyevskaya and how, later,
does he fall in—although it makes perfect sense—with Lopahin? And it is hard to
comprehend why Trofimov, given his current values, has even bothered to return,
except perhaps for his sublimated love of both Anya and her mother. And, except
as comic relief, why does the German-educated Ivanovna even exist. Obviously
these are problems in Chekhov’s original as well.
Overall, however, Cacoyannis does a quite
splendid job of portraying both the humor—which I might have put a little more
in the foreground—and the sadness of events in this grand melodrama of the end
of 19th century Russia. Yes, these folk, like those in Vanya, are
all quite tired and, at times, boring. But here, there are indications of the
joyous folk they once were. And Rampling as Ranyevskaya makes such a remarkably
astounding ghost.
Los Angeles, May 12, 2017
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